Professor Edenberg received his A.B. degree summa cum laude from Queens College of the City University of New York in 1968, where he was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in 1967. He received a National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship for studies at Stanford University, from which he received an M.A. in 1970 and a Ph.D. in Biological Sciences in 1973. He received a Damon Runyon Postdoctoral Fellowship for research at M.I.T. and an N.I.H. Postdoctoral Fellowship for further research there and at Harvard Medical School. He joined the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Indiana University School of Medicine in 1977 as Assistant Professor, and advanced through the ranks to Professor in 1986. He was a Visiting Associate Professor at the Hormone Research Institute, U.C. San Francisco, from 1985-1986. He accepted a joint appointment in Medical and Molecular Genetics in 1987.

Professor Edenberg's research addresses a range of topics from molecular biology of gene regulation in a family of mammalian alcohol dehydrogenase genes, for which he currently holds an NIH MERIT award, to molecular genetics -searches for genes contributing to the risk of complex genetic diseases - and the application of microarrays to studying gene expression and disease. He is director of the Center for Medical Genomics and the Genotyping and Gene Expression Core of INGEN. He is a co-PI of the multi-center Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism. Dr. Edenberg has lectured at many national and international meetings.

Professor Edenberg has served on NIH study sections, was a member of the National Advisory Council on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA/NIH) and is currently a member of the NIAAA Extramural Advisory Board. He served on and chaired the National Research Council's Graduate Fellowship Evaluation Panel in Biochemistry and Biophysics (N.S.F. Graduate Fellowships). He is currently on the Editorial Boards of Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research and of Psychiatric Genetics. He chaired the Biomedical Research Committee of the Indiana University School of Medicine for 11 years, and currently serves on the INGEN Operations Committee among other committees and task forces. He received the Indiana University School Of Medicine Faculty Teaching Award in 1993. He was elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2007. In 2009, he received the Research Society on Alcoholism Distinguished Researcher Award.